Step inside the Pantheon and experience a masterpiece of ancient engineering. Known for its iconic dome - still the largest unreinforced concrete dome in the world - the Pantheon captures natural light through a central oculus that creates a magical atmosphere inside. A clever drainage system in the floor, preserved from ancient times, prevents flooding during rain. The famous painter Raphael and several Italian kings are buried here. Michelangelo, deeply impressed, once called the Pantheon the work of angels, not of men.
Don't miss the chance to visit this architectural wonder by night - the atmosphere is unforgettable and offers a completely different perspective.
The History of the Pantheon
The Pantheon is more than just a beautiful building - it's a testament to the brilliance and endurance of Roman architecture. Its story begins in the 1st century BC, when the original Pantheon was commissioned by Marcus Agrippa, a close advisor and son-in-law of Emperor Augustus. A proud inscription on the front still reads: "M·AGRIPPA·L·F·COS·TERTIVM·FECIT", meaning "Marcus Agrippa, son of Lucius, built this during his third consulship."
However, this early structure was destroyed by fire, as was a second version built shortly after. What we see today is the third incarnation, completed under Emperor Hadrian between 118 and 128 AD. Interestingly, Hadrian chose to keep Agrippa's original inscription as a tribute to the first builder.
At the heart of the Pantheon's awe-inspiring design is its massive dome, still the largest unreinforced concrete dome in the world. The oculus - a nine-meter-wide circular opening at the top - acts as a cosmic spotlight, flooding the interior with daylight.
Originally constructed as a temple dedicated to all Roman gods (Pantheon literally means "all gods"), the building was converted into a Christian church in 609 AD. Pope Boniface IV consecrated it as Santa Maria ad Martyres, a move that helped preserve it through centuries of religious change.
Over the centuries, the Pantheon has inspired countless artists, architects, and thinkers. The Renaissance painter Raphael chose it as his final resting place, and generations of Italian monarchs were also buried within its walls.
Pantheon Opening Hours
The Pantheon welcomes visitors all year round, except on January 1st and December 25th. The last admission is 15 minutes before closing time.
| Opening Hours | |
|---|---|
| Monday | 9:00 AM - 7:00 PM |
| Tuesday | 9:00 AM - 7:00 PM |
| Wednesday | 9:00 AM - 7:00 PM |
| Thursday | 9:00 AM - 7:00 PM |
| Friday | 9:00 AM - 7:00 PM |
| Saturday | 9:00 AM - 7:00 PM |
| Sunday | 9:00 AM - 7:00 PM |
| January 1 & December 25 | Closed |
| Public Holidays (Weekdays) | 9:00 AM - 1:00 PM |
Entrance Fees for the Pantheon
As of July 3, 2023, entry to the Pantheon is no longer free. Adult visitors (25+) pay €5.00, while EU citizens aged 18-25 pay a reduced fee of €2.00. Visitors under 18 can enter free of charge.
| Ticket Type | Price |
|---|---|
| Adults (25+) | €5.00 |
| EU Citizens (18-25) | €2.00 |
| Children & Teens (under 18) | Free |
| Audio Guide | €10.00 |
Where to buy: You can buy tickets directly at the entrance, but be prepared for long queues, especially during peak hours. While tickets are theoretically available on the official website, the system is known to be unreliable. For a smoother experience, book through external platforms that include an audio guide and fast-track access.
Wait times: As the most visited building in all of Italy, the Pantheon sees over 7 million visitors a year. Wait times can be long but usually don't exceed 60 minutes - with a fast-track ticket, you can skip the line entirely.
Buy tickets online
Direct booking, flexible cancellation up to 24 hours before your visit.
Are Guided Tours Available?
Absolutely! You can explore the Pantheon at your own pace with an audio guide, or opt for a guided tour led by an expert who will bring the history of the Pantheon to life.
How to Get to the Pantheon
Located in the heart of historic Rome, the Pantheon is easily reachable on foot or by bus. While there's no direct metro line, it's just a short walk from other major landmarks like the Trevi Fountain or Piazza Navona.
